Search results for "Obstetric Labor"

showing 10 items of 23 documents

The Maudsley Environmental Risk Score for Psychosis

2018

AbstractBackgroundRisk prediction algorithms have long been used in health research and practice (e.g. prediction of cardiovascular disease and diabetes). However, similar tools have not been developed for mental health. For example, for psychotic disorders, attempts to sum environmental risk are rare, unsystematic and dictated by available data. In light of this, we sought to develop a valid, easy to use measure of the aggregate environmental risk score (ERS) for psychotic disorders.MethodsWe reviewed the literature to identify well-replicated and validated environmental risk factors for psychosis that combine a significant effect and large-enough prevalence. Pooled estimates of relative r…

MaleMarijuana AbusePsychosisUrban PopulationPopulationEthnic groupDiseaseEnvironmentRisk AssessmentPaternal Agerisk prediction03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineAdverse Childhood ExperiencesPregnancyRisk FactorsEnvironmental healthEthnicitymedicineHumanspsychosisRisk factoreducationMinority GroupsApplied Psychologyeducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryOriginal ArticlesOdds ratiomedicine.diseaseMental healthObstetric Labor Complications3. Good health030227 psychiatryschizophreniaPsychiatry and Mental healthPsychotic DisordersSchizophreniaRelative riskFemaleliabilitybusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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AISF position paper on liver transplantation and pregnancy: Women in Hepatology Group, Italian Association for the Study of the Liver (AISF)

2016

After the first successful pregnancy in a liver transplant recipient in 1978, much evidence has accumulated on the course, outcomes and management strategies of pregnancy following liver transplantation. Generally, liver transplantation restores sexual function and fertility as early as a few months after transplant. Considering that one third of all liver transplant recipients are women, that approximately one-third of them are of reproductive age (18-49 years), and that 15% of female liver transplant recipients are paediatric patients who have a >70% probability of reaching reproductive age, the issue of pregnancy after liver transplantation is rather relevant, and obstetricians, paedi…

Risk AssessmentFertility; Immunosuppression; Liver transplantation; PregnancyImmunosuppressive AgentPregnancyMedicalFertility; Immunosuppression; Liver transplantation; Pregnancy; Hepatology; GastroenterologyHumansFertility; Immunosuppression; Liver transplantation; Pregnancy; Gastroenterology; HepatologyObstetric Labor ComplicationSocieties MedicalLiver transplantationHepatologyPostpartum PeriodPregnancy OutcomeGastroenterologyFertility; Immunosuppression; Liver transplantation; Pregnancy; Contraception; Female; Fertility; Gastroenterology; Humans; Italy; Obstetric Labor Complications; Postpartum Period; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Risk Assessment; Societies Medical; Immunosuppressive Agents; Liver Transplantation; Pregnancy OutcomeFertility; Immunosuppression; Liver transplantation; Pregnancy; Contraception; Female; Fertility; Gastroenterology; Humans; Italy; Obstetric Labor Complications; Postpartum Period; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Risk Assessment; Societies Medical; Immunosuppressive Agents; Liver Transplantation; Pregnancy Outcome; Hepatology; GastroenterologyPregnancy ComplicationObstetric Labor ComplicationsPregnancy ComplicationsContraceptionFertilitysurgical procedures operativeItalyPractice Guidelines as TopicFemaleSocietiesImmunosuppressive AgentsImmunosuppressionHuman
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Impact of antenatal glucocorticoid therapy and risk of preterm delivery on intelligence in term-born children

2015

Context: Women at risk of preterm delivery are routinely treated with synthetic glucocorticoids (sGCs). Although this therapy substantially reduces neonatal morbidity, concerns remain whether sGC excess may disrupt neurodevelopmental trajectories underlying cognitive functioning. Objective: The present study is the first to disentangle direct effects of antenatal sGC treatment on possible long-term cognitive disadvantages from those of pregnancy complications and prematurity. Design, Setting, and Participants: This cross-sectional study included a mixed-sex cohort of 222 term-born children (aged 6–11 years) consisting of three groups: children of mothers admitted to hospital for threatening…

AdultMaleRisk0301 basic medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyPediatricsTerm BirthCross-sectional studyEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismIntelligenceClinical BiochemistryContext (language use)Prenatal careBetamethasoneBiochemistryDexamethasoneCohort Studies03 medical and health sciencesCognitionObstetric Labor Premature0302 clinical medicineEndocrinologyPregnancyHumansMedicineChildGlucocorticoidsIntelligence TestsPregnancybusiness.industryObstetricsBiochemistry (medical)medicine.diseasePregnancy ComplicationsSexual Dysfunction PhysiologicalCross-Sectional Studies030104 developmental biologyPremature birthPrenatal Exposure Delayed EffectsCohortddc:618.97BetamethasoneFemalebusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgerymedicine.drugCohort study
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Temporal trends and determinants of peripartum hysterectomy in Lombardy, Northern Italy, 1996-2010.

2013

Purpose: To analyze the temporal trends of peripartum hysterectomy (PH) in the period 1996-2010 in Lombardy, Italy. Methods: Using data from the Regional Database, PH ratios/1,000 deliveries were calculated from 1996 to 2010, in strata of age and mode of delivery among women resident in Lombardy, Italy. PH cases were identified searching the database for the ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes for subtotal and total hysterectomy. PH ratios/1,000 deliveries in strata of age, mode of delivery and calendar year were computed. Poisson's regression analysis was used to test trend over time. Results: A total of 905 PH and 1,289,163 deliveries were recorded between 1996 and 2010. The overall PH ratio was 0.70/…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyDatabases Factualmedicine.medical_treatmentPopulationHysterectomyPregnancyOdds RatioMedicineHumansrisk factorsPoisson DistributionRisk factoreducationCesarean section; Hysterectomy; PeripartumPeripartum hysterectomyPregnancyeducation.field_of_studyHysterectomyVaginal deliverybusiness.industryObstetricsCesarean SectionObstetrics and GynecologyGeneral MedicineOdds ratiomedicine.diseaseSettore MED/40 - Ginecologia E OstetriciaPeripartumNorthern italyObstetric Labor ComplicationsItalyRegression AnalysisFemaleRisk factorTemporal trenddeliverybusinessMaternal Agerisk factors; delivery
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A distinct subset of HLA-DR+-regulatory T cells is involved in the induction of preterm labor during pregnancy and in the induction of organ rejectio…

2010

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are known to suppress alloimmune responses during pregnancy and post organ transplantation. We demonstrate that a distinct subset of FoxP3(+)DR(+)-Tregs among the total CD4(+)CD127(low+/-)CD25(+)-Treg cell pool is critically involved in preterm labor induction and kidney transplant rejection as well. Compared to healthy pregnancies and non-rejecting kidney recipients, we found that the percentage of the FoxP3(+)DR(+)-Treg subset was not reduced, but that the level of HLA-DR expression of such Tregs was strongly diminished in preterm laboring women and in patients with acute renal allograft rejection. In addition, both patient collectives showed a significantly red…

Graft RejectionMalemedicine.medical_specialtyImmunologychemical and pharmacologic phenomenaT-Lymphocytes RegulatoryOrgan transplantationImmune toleranceInterleukin-7 Receptor alpha SubunitObstetric Labor PrematurePregnancyT-Lymphocyte SubsetsHLA-DRImmune ToleranceImmunology and AllergyMedicineHumansKidney transplantationbusiness.industryInterleukin-2 Receptor alpha SubunitFOXP3hemic and immune systemsForkhead Transcription FactorsHLA-DR Antigensmedicine.diseaseKidney TransplantationTransplant rejectionCD4 Lymphocyte CountTransplantationTolerance inductionImmunologyPremature BirthFemalebusinessClinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.)
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Exposure to trihalomethanes through different water uses and birth weight, small for gestational age, and preterm delivery in Spain

2011

Background: Evidence associating exposure to water disinfection by-products with reduced birth weight and altered duration of gestation remains inconclusive. Objective: We assessed exposure to trihalomethanes (THMs) during pregnancy through different water uses and evaluated the association with birth weight, small for gestational age (SGA), low birth weight (LBW), and preterm delivery. Methods: Mother–child cohorts set up in five Spanish areas during the years 2000–2008 contributed data on water ingestion, showering, bathing, and swimming in pools. We ascertained residential THM levels during pregnancy periods through ad hoc sampling campaigns (828 measurements) and regulatory data (264 me…

PediatricsFetus -- CreixementBathingHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisEspaña:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings]Cohort Studies:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Models Theoretical [Medical Subject Headings]small for gestational agePregnancynewbornFemeninosExposición a Riesgos Ambientales:Phenomena and Processes::Reproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomena::Reproductive Physiological Phenomena::Reproductive Physiological Processes::Reproduction::Pregnancy [Medical Subject Headings]:Geographicals::Geographic Locations::Europe::Spain [Medical Subject Headings]water pollutionInfeccions respiratòries -- EpidemiologiaAdultodisinfection by-products:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Infant::Infant Newborn::Infant Low Birth Weight [Medical Subject Headings]Modelos TeóricosEnvironmental exposurepremature birthNacimiento PrematuroHumanos:Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Environmental Pollution::Environmental Exposure [Medical Subject Headings]:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Models Statistical::Logistic Models [Medical Subject Headings]Premature birthInfant Small for Gestational AgeGestation:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Infant::Infant Newborn::Infant Low Birth Weight::Infant Small for Gestational Age [Medical Subject Headings]Femaleepidemiologymedicine.symptomAigua -- DepuracióAdultmedicine.medical_specialtytrihalomethanesContaminantes Químicos del AguaEmbarazoBirth weight:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Infant::Infant Newborn [Medical Subject Headings]Embaràs -- Aspectes nutricionalsRecién nacidoRecién Nacido Pequeño para la Edad GestacionalEnvironmental healthmedicine:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult [Medical Subject Headings]cohort studyModelos LogísticosHumanslow birth weightEpidemiologiaRecién Nacido de Bajo Peso:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Hydrocarbons::Hydrocarbons Halogenated::Trihalomethanes [Medical Subject Headings]Pregnancybusiness.industryTrihalometanoResearchPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthInfant Newbornbirth weightEnvironmental ExposureInfant Low Birth WeightModels Theoreticalmedicine.diseaseLow birth weightLogistic Models:Check Tags::Female [Medical Subject Headings]Spain:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Cohort Studies [Medical Subject Headings]Small for gestational age:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Toxic Actions::Environmental Pollutants::Water Pollutants::Water Pollutants Chemical [Medical Subject Headings]:Diseases::Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications::Pregnancy Complications::Obstetric Labor Complications::Obstetric Labor Premature::Premature Birth [Medical Subject Headings]businessEstudios de CohortesWater Pollutants Chemical
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Small for gestational age (SGA) neonates show reduced suppressive activity of their regulatory T cells

2009

Little information exists concerning the role of fetal regulatory T cells (Tregs) during intrauterine development. We examined whether complications such as reduced birth weight or the occurrence of preterm labor were associated with deficiencies in the number or in the immunosuppressive activity of Tregs in the fetal circulation. Their total number did not change during normal or complicated pregnancy. In contrast, their level of FoxP3 expression decreased continuously with gestational age and was significantly reduced in the presence of spontaneous term, but not preterm labor. In small for gestational age (SGA) neonates, FoxP3 expression was constantly decreased when compared to age match…

medicine.medical_specialtyImmunologychemical and pharmacologic phenomenaCell SeparationT-Lymphocytes RegulatoryFetusObstetric Labor PrematurePregnancyT-Lymphocyte SubsetsInternal medicinemedicineHumansImmunology and AllergyPregnancyFetusbusiness.industryInfant NewbornGestational ageForkhead Transcription Factorshemic and immune systemsInfant Low Birth WeightFlow Cytometrymedicine.diseaseLow birth weightTolerance inductionEndocrinologyFetal circulationGestationSmall for gestational ageFemalemedicine.symptombusinessClinical Immunology
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Changes in Maternal Blood Inflammatory Markers As a Predictor Of Chorioamnionitis: A Prospective Multicenter Study

2014

Problem To evaluate the inflammatory pattern in maternal circulation from women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) considering the occurrence of histologically confirmed chorioamnionitis (HCA). Method of study A prospective study was conducted in 121 women with PPROM between 24 and 34 + 0 weeks of gestation. Association between white blood cells (WBC) count, plasma CRP, IL-6, MCP-1 and IP-10 levels, and HCA was assessed. Results The rate of HCA was 44.7% (54/121). During the 5 days preceding delivery, median CRP, WBC, and IL-6 levels were significantly higher in the HCA than in no-HCA group (P < 0.001). Variations in IL-6, IP-10 levels, during the 24–72 hr before delivery, …

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyPathologyImmunologyChorioamnionitisGastroenterologyLeukocyte CountObstetric Labor PrematurePredictive Value of TestsPregnancyInternal medicinemedicineHumansImmunology and AllergyPlacental CirculationAmnionProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyRupturePregnancybiologybusiness.industryC-reactive proteinArea under the curveObstetrics and GynecologyPrognosismedicine.diseaseC-Reactive ProteinChorioamnionitisReproductive MedicinePredictive value of testsbiology.proteinCytokinesGestationFemaleInflammation MediatorsbusinessPremature rupture of membranesBiomarkersFollow-Up StudiesAmerican Journal of Reproductive Immunology
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Periodontitis and preterm delivery. A review of the literature

2005

The aim of this paper was to review the relationship between periodontitis and preterm delivery (PTD). Original papers on this subject, published in English until the first quarter of 2004, were located in the MEDLINE/PubMed database. Additional papers were obtained by searching reference lists of previously published review papers. Case control studies pointed to an association between periodontitis and increased rates of PTD of low birth-weight (LBW) infants. Longitudinal studies showed that the incidence or progression of periodontitis during pregnancy may be an independent risk factor for PTD and LBW. Microbiological, immunological and animal model studies suggested that periodontal pat…

Obstetric Labor PrematurePregnancyChronic DiseaseAnimalsHumansFemalePeriodontitis
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Exposure to elevated temperatures and risk of preterm birth in Valencia, Spain

2014

Abstract Background Prematurity is the second-leading cause of death in children under the age of 5 worldwide. It is predicted that the future climate will have more intense, longer lasting and frequent extreme heat episodes, and so the temperature effect on the risk of preterm birth is generating considerable interest in the public health field. Our aim was to explore the potential short-term effects of elevated temperatures on the risk of preterm birth in Valencia (Spain). Methods All singleton natural births born in the metropolitan area of Valencia during the warm season (May–September, 2006–2010) were included ( N =20,148). We applied time-series quasi-Poisson generalized additive mode…

MalePercentilePregnancyHot TemperatureSingletonbusiness.industryClimateGestational agemedicine.diseaseBiochemistryExtreme heatApparent temperatureObstetric Labor PrematureIncreased riskHistory 16th CenturyPregnancyRisk FactorsSpainmedicineHumansFemalebusinessGeneral Environmental ScienceCause of deathDemographyEnvironmental Research
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